CS 441, Fall 2002                                  Information about Test 2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

The second test in this course takes place in class on Friday,
December 6.  It covers material from Chapters 4, 5, and 7 in the text,
plus labs 5 through 9, assignments, and some material on PVM.  The reading
assignments from the text did not cover all sections of Chapters 4, 5, and 7.
The  assigned material included:

       Chapter 4:  The introduction, pages 271--279
                   Pages 280--282 in Section 4.2
                   Section 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4
                   
       Chapter 5:  Section 5.1, pages 379 to 384
                   Sections 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, and 5.7
                   
       Chapter 7:  Pages 565--577
                   Pages 588-602
                   Pages 608--612

Here are some of the important terms and ideas for this test:


   mime types
   binary files vs. text files
   configuration files for servers
   threads and threaded servers
   thread pools
   shared variables and mutexes
   
   Network layer
   IP numbers
   class A, B, and C IP networks
   subnetting and subnet masks
   IP numbers reserved for internal use
   NAT (Network Address Translation)
   IP masquerading
   firewall
   backbone topology
   network interfaces
   eth0, eth1
   hosts with multiple IP addresses
   the TTL field in the IP header, and how it is used by traceroute
   packet fragmentation
   routers
   routing table
   routing algorithm
   link state routing:  link state broadcast + shortest path algorithm
   distance vector routing:  distance table, communicate with neighbors only
   autonomous systems
   hierarchical routing
   inter-autonomous-system routing
   intra-autonomous-system routing
   
   Link layer
   frames
   adapters (network cards)
   PPP (point-to-point protocol)
   token ring
   Ethernet  (802.3)
   CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection)
   shared communication media
   collision
   how an ethernet adapter responds to a collision
   exponential backoff
   ethernet 48-bit MAC address
   ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
   repeaters
   hubs 
   bridges
   switches
   collision domain
   wireless networking
   802.11
   wireless base stations
   CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance)
   hidden terminal problem
   avoiding collisions:  RTS (request to send), CTS (clear to send)
   
   Network security
   secure communication: secrecy, authentication, message integrity
   encryption 
   keys
   secret key encryption (such as DES)
   public key system (such as RSA)
   private keys and public keys
   secrecy in a public key system
   authentication in a public key system
   secure hash functions (such as MD5) for message integrity
   
   Distributed computing
   Beowulf clusters
   PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine)
   master/slave computations
   message passing